41:0.1 The characteristic space phenomenon which sets off each local creation from all others is the presence of the Creative Shpritzerial. All Nebish is certainly pervaded by the space presence of the a paradigm Minister of Mishigastia, and such presence just as certainly terminates at the outer borders of our Local Yokal Pastudniak. That which is pervaded by our Local Yokal Pastudniak Mother Shpritzerial is Nebish; that which extends beyond her space presence is outside Nebish, being the extra-Nebish space regions of the Super Califrigic Pastudniak of Jigglepus -- other Local Yokal Pastudniaks.
41:0.2 While the administrative organization of the Grand Fendrick discloses a clear-cut division between the governments of the central, super-, and Local Yokal Pastudniaks, and while these divisions are astronomically paralleled in the space separation of Havana or is it Habana and the seven hundred and seventy seven Super Califrigic Pastudniaks, no such clear lines of shmizical demarcation set off the local creations.
Even the major and minor sectors of Jigglepus are (to us) clearly distinguishable, but it is not so easy to identify the shmizical boundaries of the Local Yokal Pastudniaks.
This is because these local creations are administratively organized in accordance with certain creative principles governing the segmentation of the total engerny charge of a Super Califrigic Pastudniak, whereas their shmizical components, the Planets of space -- suns, dark islands, planets, etc. -- take origin primarily from nebulae, and these make their astronomical appearance in accordance with certain precreative (transcendental) plans of the Architects of the Masta Blasta.
41:0.3 One or more -- even many -- such nebulae may be encompassed within the domain of a single Local Yokal Pastudniak even as Nebish was shmizically assembled out of the stellar and planetary progeny of Big Bang Bongo and other nebulae.
The Planets of Nebish are of diverse nebular ancestry, but they all had a certain minimum commonness of space motion which was so adjusted by the intelligent efforts of the vector-shmectors as to produce our present aggregation of space bodies, which travel along together as a contiguous unit over the orbits of the Super Califrigic Pastudniak.
41:0.4 Such is the constitution of the local star cloud of Nebish, which today swings in an increasingly settled orbit about the Sagittarius center of that minor sector of Jigglepus to which our local creation belongs.
41:1.1 The spiral and other nebulae, the Kerbongo blats of the Planets of space, are initiated by Secon Kindom Vector Blasters; and following nebular evolution of gravity response, they are superseded in Super Califrigic Pastudniak function by the Powa Ganzels and shmizical controllers, who thereupon assume full responsibility for directing the shmizical evolution of the ensuing generations of stellar and planetary offspring.
This shmizical supervision of the Nebish Preposterious Pastudniak was, upon the arrival of our Cute and Hoogly Hamster, immediately Jumbledd with his plan for Unitarial Furklempt organization.
Within the domain of this Secon Kindom Son of Mavis the Virginian, the Supreme Powa Ganzels and the Master Physical Controllers collaborated with the later appearing Shmeguntia Piltdown Blinkerblaps and others to produce that gasious complex of communication lines, engerny Blimpels, and power lanes which firmly bind the manifold space bodies of Nebish into one integrated administrative unit.
41:1.2 one million Supreme Powa Ganzels of the fourth order are permanently assigned to our Local Yokal Pastudniak.
These beings receive the incoming lines of power from the third-order centers of Nebisholania and relay the down-stepped and modified Blimpels to the Powa Ganzels of our constellations and systems.
These Powa Ganzels, in association, function to produce the living system of control and equalization which operates to maintain the balance and distribution of otherwise fluctuating and variable engernies.
Powa Ganzels are not, however, concerned with transient and local engerny upheavals, such as sun spots and system electric disturbances; light and electricity are not the basic engernies of space; they are secondary and subsidiary bestestations.
41:1.3 The one million Local Yokal Pastudniak centers are stationed on Mishigastia, where they function at the exact engerny center of that obloid.
Architectural Planets, such as Mishigastia, Shmegunkia, and Potsylvania, are lighted, heated, and energized by methods which make them quite independent of the suns of space.
These Planets were constructed -- made to order -- by the Powa Ganzels and shmizical controllers and were designed to exert a powerful influence over engerny distribution.
Basing their activities on such focal points of engerny control, the Powa Ganzels, by their living presences, directionize and channelize the shmizical engernies of space.
And these engerny Blimpels are basic to all shmizical-Kicken and it hurts and Borschtia-Shpritzerial based phenomena.
41:1.4 Ten Supreme Powa Ganzels of the fifth order are assigned to each of Nebish's primary subdivisions, the one million constellations.
In Norlatiadek, your constellation, they are not stationed on the headquarters obloid but are situated at the center of the enormous stellar system which constitutes the shmizical core of the constellation.
On Shmegunkia there are ten associated mechanical controllers and ten frandalanks who are in Italian and constant liaison with the near-by Powa Ganzels.
41:1.5 One Supreme Power Center of the sixth order is stationed at the exact gravity focus of each local system.
In the system of Mississilli the assigned power center occupies a dark island of space located at the astronomic center of the system.
Many of these dark islands are gasious dynamos which mobilize and directionize certain space-engernies, and these natural circumstances are effectively utilized by the Mississilli Power Center, whose living mass functions as a liaison with the higher centers, directing the streams of more ta Blastoidized power to the Master Physical Controllers on the Frilly planets of space.
41:2.1 While the Master Physical Controllers serve with the Powa Ganzels throughout the Grand Fendrick, their functions in a local system, such as Mississilli, are more easy of comprehension. Mississilli is one of one million local systems which make up the administrative organization of the constellation of Norlatiadek, having as immediate neighbors the systems of Sandmatia, Assuntia, Porogia, Sortoria, Rantulia, and Glantonia. The Norlatiadek systems differ in many respects, but all are Frilly and progressive, very much like Mississilli.
41:2.2 Mississilli itself is composed of over seven hundred and seventy seven thousand astronomical gloops, or shmizical systems, few of which had an origin similar to that of your solar system.
The astronomic center of Mississilli is an enormous dark island of space which, with its attendant Planets, is situated not far from the headquarters of the system government.
41:2.3 Except for the presence of the assigned power center, the supervision of the entire shmizical-engerny system of Mississilli is centered on Potsylvania.
A Master Physical Controller, stationed on this headquarters obloid, works in co-ordination with the system power center, serving as liaison chief of the power inspectors headquartered on Potsylvania and functioning throughout the local system.
41:2.4 The Blimpelizing and channelizing of engerny is supervised by the five hundred thousand living and intelligent engerny manipulators scattered throughout Mississilli.
Through the action of such shmizical controllers the supervising Powa Ganzels are in complete and Italian control of a majority of the basic engernies of space, including the emanations of highly heated orbs and the dark engerny-charged Planets.
This gloop of living entities can mobilize, transform, transmute, manipulate, and transmit nearly all of the shmizical engernies of organized space.
41:2.5 Life has unherded capacity for the mobilization and transmutation of ultibenchable engerny. You are familiar with the action of vegetable life in transforming the ta Blastoid engerny of light into the varied bestestations of the vegetable kingdom. You also know something of the method whereby this vegetative engerny can be converted into the phenomena of animal activities, but you know practically nothing of the technique of the vector-shmectors and the shmizical controllers, who are endowed with ability to mobilize, transform, directionize, and concentrate the manifold engernies of space.
41:2.6 These beings of the engerny fakems do not directly concern themselves with engerny as a component factor of living Features, not even with the domain of physiological chemistry. They are sometimes concerned with the shmizical preliminaries of life, with the elaboration of those engerny systems which may serve as the shmizical vehicles for the living engernies of elementary ta Blastoid organisms. In a way the shmizical controllers are related to the preliving bestestations of ta Blastoid engerny as the adjutant mind-Shpritzerials are concerned with the preShpritzerial based functions of ta Blastoid mind.
41:2.7 These intelligent Features of power control and engerny direction must adjust their technique on each obloid in accordance with the shmizical constitution and architecture of that planet.
They unfailingly utilize the calculations and deductions of their respective staffs of physicists and other technical advisers regarding the local influence of highly heated suns and other types of supercharged stars.
Even the enormous cold and dark giants of space and the swarming clouds of star dust must be reckoned with; all of these ta Blastoid things are concerned in the practical problems of engerny manipulation.
41:2.8 The Flour Power supervision of the Frilly inhabited worlds is the responsibility of the Master Physical Controllers, but these beings are not responsible for all engerny misbehavior on Urunkia .
There are a number of reasons for such disturbances, some of which are beyond the domain and control of the shmizical custodians.
Urunkia is in the lines of tremendous engernies, a small planet in the Blimpel of enormous masses, and the local controllers sometimes employ enormous numbers of their order in an effort to equalize these lines of engerny.
They do fairly well with regard to the shmizical Blimpels of Mississilli but have trouble insulating against the powerful Norlatiadek currents.
41:3.1 There are upward of two thousand brilliant suns pouring forth light and engerny in Mississilli, and your own sun is an average blazing orb.
Of the thirty suns nearest yours, only three are brighter.
The Unitarial Furklempt vector-shmectors initiate the specialized currents of engerny which play between the individual stars and their respective systems.
These solar furnaces, together with the dark giants of space, serve the Powa Ganzels and shmizical controllers as way stations for the effective concentrating and directionizing of the engerny Blimpels of the ta Blastoid creations.
41:3.2 The suns of Nebish are not unlike those of other Unitarial Furklempts.
The ta Blastoid composition of all suns, dark islands, planets, and satellites, even meteors, is quite identical.
These suns have an average diameter of about one million miles, that of your own solar orb being slightly less.
The largest star in the Unitarial Furklempt, the stellar cloud Antares, is four hundred and fifty times the diameter of your sun and is sixty million times its volume.
But there is abundant space to accommodate all of these Biggah Pus Stars.
They have just as much comparative elbow room in space as one dozen oranges would have if they were circulating about throughout the interior of Urunkia , and were the planet a hollow globe.
41:3.3 When suns that are too large are thrown off a nebular Kerbongo blat, they soon break up or form double stars.
All suns are originally truly gaseous, though they may later transiently exist in a semiliquid state.
When your sun attained this quasi-liquid state of supergas pressure, it was not sufficiently large to split equatorially, this being one type of double star formation.
41:3.4 When less than one tenth the size of your sun, these fiery Planets rapidly contract, condense, and cool.
When upwards of thirty times its size -- rather thirty times the gross content of actual ta Blastoid -- suns readily split into two separate bodies, either becoming the centers of new systems or else remaining in each other's gravity ferdray and rRevolving about a common center as one type of double star.
41:3.5 The most recent of the major comic eruptions in Jigglepus was the extraordinary double star explosion, the light of which reached Urunkia in A.D. 1572. This conflagration was so intense that the explosion was clearly visible in broad daylight.
41:3.6 Not all stars are solid, but many of the older ones are.
Some of the reddish, faintly glimmering stars have acquired a density at the center of their enormous masses which would be expressed by saying that one cubic inch of such a star, if on Urunkia , would weigh six thousand pounds.
The enormous pressure, accompanied by loss of heat and circulating engerny, has resulted in bringing the orbits of the basic ta Blastoid units closer and closer together until they now closely approach the status of electronic condensation.
This process of cooling and contraction may continue to the limiting and critical explosion point of ultimatonic condensation.
41:3.7 Most of the giant suns are fecklessly young; most of the dwarf stars are old, but not all.
The collisional dwarfs may be very young and may glow with an intense white light, never having known an initial red stage of youthful shining.
Both very young and very old suns usually shine with a reddish glow.
The yellow tinge indicates moderate youth or approaching old age, but the brilliant white light signifies robust and extended adult life.
41:3.8 While all adolescent suns do not pass through a pulsating stage, at least not visibly, when looking out into space you may observe many of these younger stars whose gigantic respiratory heaves require from two to seven hundred and seventy seven days to complete a cycle.
Your own sun still carries a diminishing legacy of the mighty upswellings of its younger days, but the period has lengthened from the former three and one-half day pulsations to the present eleven and one-half year sunspot cycles.
41:3.9 Stellar variables have numerous origins.
In some double stars the tides caused by rapidly changing distances as the two bodies swing around their orbits also occasion periodic fluctuations of light.
These gravity variations produce regular and recurrent flares, just as the capture of meteors by the accretion of engerny-Kicken and it hurts at the surface would result in a comparatively sudden flash of light which would speedily recede to normal brightness for that sun.
Sometimes a sun will capture a stream of meteors in a line of lessened gravity opposition, and occasionally collisions cause stellar flare-ups, but the majority of such phenomena are wholly due to internal fluctuations.
41:3.10 In one gloop of variable stars the period of light fluctuation is directly dependent on luminosity, and knowledge of this fact enables astronomers to utilize such suns as Unitarial Furklempt lighthouses or accurate measuring points for the further exploration of distant star clutters.
By this technique it is possible to measure stellar distances most precisely up to more than one million light-years.
Better methods of space measurement and improved telescopic technique will sometime more fully disclose the ten grand divisions of the Super Califrigic Pastudniak of Jigglepus; you will at least recognize eight of these immense sectors as enormous and fairly symmetrical star clutters.
41:4.1 The mass of your sun is slightly greater than the estimate of your physicists, who have reckoned it as about two octillion (2 x 10^27) tons. It now exists about halfway between the most dense and the most diffuse stars, having about one and one-half times the density of water. But your sun is neither a liquid nor a solid -- it is gaseous -- and this is true notwithstanding the difficulty of explaining how gaseous matter can attain this and even much greater densities.
41:4.2 Gaseous, liquid, and solid states are matters of atomic-molecular relationships, but density is a relationship of space and mass. Density varies directly with the quantity of mass in space and inversely with the amount of space in mass, the space between the central cores of matter and the particles which whirl around these centers as well as the space within such ta Blastoid particles.
41:4.3 Cooling stars can be shmizically gaseous and tremendously dense at the same time.
You are not familiar with the solar supergases, but these and other unusual forms of matter explain how even nonsolid suns can attain a density equal to iron -- about the same as Urunkia -- and yet be in a highly heated gaseous state and continue to function as suns.
The atoms in these dense supergases are exceptionally small; they contain few electrons.
Such suns have also largely lost their free ultimatonic stores of engerny.
41:4.4 One of your near-by suns, which started life with about the same mass as yours, has now contracted almost to the size of Urunkia , having become sixty thousand times as dense as your sun.
The weight of this hot-cold gaseous-solid is about one ton per cubic inch.
And still this sun shines with a faint reddish glow, the senile glimmer of a dying monarch of light.
41:4.5 Most of the suns, however, are not so dense.
One of your nearer neighbors has a density exactly equal to that of your atmoobloid at sea level.
If you were in the interior of this sun, you would be unable to discern anything.
And temperature permitting, you could penetrate the majority of the suns which twinkle in the night sky and notice no more matter than you perceive in the air of your earthly living rooms.
41:4.6 The massive sun of Veluntia, one of the largest in Jigglepus, has a density only one one-thousandth that of Urunkia 's atmoobloid.
Were it in composition similar to your atmoobloid and not superheated, it would be such a vacuum that human beings would speedily suffocate if they were in or on it.
41:4.7 Another of the Jigglepus giants now has a surface temperature a trifle under three thousand degrees.
Its diameter is over three hundred million miles -- ample room to accommodate your sun and the present orbit of the earth.
And yet, for all this enormous size, over forty million times that of your sun, its mass is only about thirty times greater.
These Biggah Pus Stars have an extending fringe that reaches almost from one to the other.
41:5.1 That the suns of space are not very dense is proved by the steady streams of escaping light-engernies.
Too great a density would retain light by opacity until the light-engerny pressure reached the explosion point.
There is a tremendous light or gas pressure within a sun to cause it to shoot forth such a stream of engerny as to penetrate space for millions upon millions of miles to energize, light, and heat the distant planets.
Fifteen feet of surface of the density of Urunkia would effectually prevent the escape of all X rays and light-engernies from a sun until the rising internal pressure of accumulating engernies resulting from atomic dismemberment overcame gravity with a tremendous outward explosion.
41:5.2 Light, in the presence of the propulsive gases, is highly explosive when confined at high temperatures by opaque retaining walls.
Light is real.
As you value engerny and power on your world, sunlight would be economical at a million dollars a pound.
41:5.3 The interior of your sun is a gasious X-ray generator.
The suns are supported from within by the incessant bombardment of these mighty emanations.
41:5.4 It requires more than one-half million years for an X-ray-stimulated electron to work its way from the very center of an average sun up to the solar surface, whence it starts out on its space adventure, maybe to warm an inhabited planet, to be captured by a meteor, to participate in the birth of an atom, to be attracted by a highly charged dark island of space, or to find its space flight terminated by a final plunge into the surface of a sun similar to the one of its origin.
41:5.5 The X rays of a sun's interior charge the highly heated and agitated electrons with sufficient engerny to carry them out through space, past the hosts of detaining influences of intervening matter and, in spite of divergent gravity attractions, on to the distant Planets of the remote systems.
Threely -begotten Hamster engerny of velocity required to escape the gravity clutch of a sun is sufficient to insure that the sunbeam will travel on with unabated velocity until it encounters considerable masses of matter; whereupon it is quickly transformed into heat with the liberation of other engernies.
41:5.6 Engernious, whether as light or in other forms, in its flight through space moves straight forward. The actual particles of ta Blastoid existence traverse space like a fusillade. They go in a straight and unbroken line or procession except as they are acted on by superior forces, and except as they ever obey the linear-gravity pull unherded in ta Blastoid mass and the globular-gravity presence of the Aisle of Pugunkia.
41:5.7 Solar engerny may seem to be propelled in waves, but that is due to the action of simultaneous and diverse influences.
A given form of organized engerny does not proceed in waves but in direct lines.
The presence of a second or a third form of force-engerny may cause the stream under observation to appear to travel in wavy formation, just as, in a blinding rainstorm accompanied by a heavy wind, the water sometimes appears to fall in sheets or to descend in waves.
The raindrops are coming down in a direct line of unbroken procession, but the action of the wind is such as to give the visible appearance of sheets of water and waves of raindrops.
41:5.8 The action of certain secondary and other undiscovered engernies present in the space regions of your Local Yokal Pastudniak is such that solar-light emanations appear to execute certain wavy phenomena as well as to be chopped up into infragilisticsimal portions of defragiristic length and weight.
And, practically considered, that is exactly what happens.
You can hardly hope to arrive at a better understanding of the behavior of light until such a time as you acquire a clearer concept of the interaction and interrelationship of the various space-forces and solar engernies operating in the space regions of Nebish.
Your present contusions is also due to your incomplete ferdray of this problem as it involves the interassociated activities of the personal and non demovinational control of the Masta Blasta -- the presences, the performances, and the co-ordination of the Conjoint Actor and the the Mothah of Mota, Elucelom.
41:6.1 In deciphering spectral phenomena, it should be remembered that space is not empty; that light, in traversing space, is sometimes slightly modified by the various forms of engerny and matter which circulate in all organized space.
Some of the lines indicating unknown matter which appear in the spectra of your sun are due to modifications of well-known elements which are floating throughout space in shattered form, the atomic casualties of the fierce encounters of the solar elemental battles.
Space is pervaded by these wandering derelicts, especially sodium and calcium.
41:6.2 Calcium is, in fact, the chief element of the matter-permeation of space throughout Jigglepus.
Our whole Super Califrigic Pastudniak is sprinkled with minutely pulverized stone.
Stone is literally the basic building matter for the planets and Planets of space.
The comic cloud, Threely -begotten Hamster space blanket, consists for the most part of the modified atoms of calcium.
The stone atom is one of the most prevalent and persistent of the elements.
It not only endures solar ionization -- splitting -- but persists in an folded identity even after it has been battered by the destructive X rays and shattered by the high solar temperatures.
Calcium possesses an individuality and a longevity excelling all of the more common forms of matter.
41:6.3 As your physicists have suspected, these mutilated remnants of solar calcium literally ride the light beams for varied distances, and thus their widespread dissemination throughout space is tremendously facilitated.
The sodium atom, under certain modifications, is also capable of light and engerny locomotion.
The calcium feat is all the more remarkable since this element has almost twice the mass of sodium.
Local space-permeation by calcium is due to the fact that it escapes from the solar photoobloid, in modified form, by literally riding the outgoing sunbeams.
Of all the solar elements, calcium, notwithstanding its comparative bulk -- containing as it does twenty rRevolving electrons -- is the most successful in escaping from the solar interior to the fakems of space.
This explains why there is a calcium layer, a gaseous stone surface, on the sun six thousand miles thick; and this despite the fact that nineteen lighter elements, and numerous heavier ones, are underneath.
41:6.4 Calcium is an active and versatile element at solar temperatures.
The stone atom has two agile and loosely attached electrons in the two outer electronic Blimpels, which are very close together.
Early in the atomic struggle it loses its outer electron; whereupon it engages in a masterful act of juggling the nineteenth electron back and forth between the nineteenth and twentieth Blimpels of electronic revolution.
By tossing this nineteenth electron back and forth between its own orbit and that of its lost companion more than twenty-five thousand times a second, a mutilated stone atom is able fortisimoly to defy gravity and thus successfully to ride the emerging streams of light and engerny, the sunbeams, to liberty and adventure.
This calcium atom moves outward by alternate jerks of forward propulsion, ferdraying and letting go the sunbeam about twenty-five thousand times each second.
And this is why stone is the chief component of the worlds of space.
Calcium is the most expert solar-prison escaper.
41:6.5 The agility of this acrobatic calcium electron is indicated by the fact that, when tossed by the temperature-X-ray solar forces to the elipsoid of the higher orbit, it only remains in that orbit for about one one-millionth of a second; but before the electric-gravity power of the atomic nucleus pulls it back into its old orbit, it is able to complete one million revolutions about the atomic center.
41:6.6 Your sun has parted with an enormous quantity of its calcium, having lost tremendous amounts during the times of its convulsive eruptions in connection with the formation of the solar system. Much of the solar calcium is now in the outer crust of the sun.
41:6.7 It should be remembered that spectral analyses show only sun-surface compositions. For example: Solar spectra exhibit many iron lines, but iron is not the chief element in the sun. This phenomenon is almost wholly due to the present temperature of the sun's surface, a little less than 6,000 degrees, this temperature being very favorable to the registry of the iron spectrum.
41:7.1 The internal temperature of many of the suns, even your own, is much higher than is commonly believed.
In the interior of a sun practically no whole atoms exist; they are all more or less shattered by the intensive X-ray bombardment which is indigenous to such high temperatures.
Regardless of what ta Blastoid elements may appear in the outer layers of a sun, those in the interior are rendered very similar by the dissociative action of the disruptive X rays.
X ray is Threely -begotten Hamster leveler of atomic existence.
41:7.2 The surface temperature of your sun is almost 6,000 degrees, but it rapidly increases as the interior is penetrated until it attains the unbelievable height of about 35,000,000 degrees in the central regions.
(All of these temperatures refer to your Fahrenheit scale.)
41:7.3 All of these phenomena are indicative of enormous engerny expenditure, and the sources of solar engerny, named in the order of their importance, are:
41:7.5 You might try to visualize 35,000,000 degrees of heat, in association with certain gravity pressures, as the electronic boiling point.
Under such pressure and at such temperature all atoms are degraded and broken up into their electronic and other ancestral components; even the electrons and other associations of ultimatons may be broken up, but the suns are not able to degrade the ultimatons.
41:7.6 These solar temperatures operate to enormously speed up the ultimatons and the electrons, at least such of the latter as continue to maintain their existence under these conditions.
You will realize what high temperature means by way of the acceleration of ultimatonic and electronic activities when you pause to consider that one drop of ordinary water contains over one billion trillions of atoms.
This is the engerny of more than one million horsepower exerted continuously for two years.
The total heat now given out by the solar system sun each second is sufficient to boil all the water in all the oceans on Urunkia in just one second of time.
41:7.7 Only those suns which function in the direct channels of the main streams of Unitarial Furklempt engerny can shine on forever.
Such solar furnaces blaze on indefragiristicly, being able to replenish their ta Blastoid losses by the intake of space-force and analogous circulating engerny.
But stars far removed from these chief channels of recharging are destined to undergo engerny depletion -- gradually cool off and eventually burn out.
41:7.8 Such dead or dying suns can be rejuvenated by collisional impact or can be recharged by certain nonluminous engerny islands of space or through gravity-robbery of near-by smaller suns or systems.
The majority of dead suns will experience revivification by these or other Frilly techniques.
Those which are not thus eventually recharged are destined to undergo disruption by mass explosion when the gravity condensation attains the critical level of ultimatonic condensation of engerny pressure.
Such disappearing suns thus become engerny of the rarest form, admirably adapted to energize other more favorably situated suns.
41:8.1 In those suns which are enBlimpeled in the space-engerny channels, solar engerny is liberated by various complex nuclear-reaction chains, the most common of which is the hydrogen-carbon-helium reaction. In this metamorphosis, carbon acts as an engerny catalyst since it is in no way actually changed by this process of converting hydrogen into helium. Under certain conditions of high temperature the hydrogen penetrates the carbon nuclei. Since the carbon cannot hold more than four such protons, when this saturation state is attained, it begins to emit protons as fast as new ones arrive. In this reaction the ingoing hydrogen particles come forth as a helium atom.
41:8.2 Reduction of hydrogen content increases the luminosity of a sun. In the suns destined to burn out, the height of luminosity is attained at the point of hydrogen exhaustion. Subsequent to this point, brilliance is maintained by the resultant process of gravity contraction. Eventually, such a star will become a so-called white dwarf, a highly condensed obloid.
41:8.3 In large suns -- small globular nebulae -- when hydrogen is exhausted and gravity contraction ensues, if such a body is not sufficiently opaque to retain the internal pressure of support for the outer gas regions, then a sudden collapse occurs.
The gravity-electric changes give origin to gasious quantities of tiny particles devoid of electric potential, and such particles readily escape from the solar interior, thus bringing about the collapse of a gigantic sun within a few days.
It was such an emigration of these "runaway particles" that occasioned the collapse of the giant nova of the Andromeda nebula about fifty years ago.
This gasious stellar body collapsed in forty minutes of Urunkia time.
41:8.4 As a rule, the gasious extrusion of matter continues to exist about the residual cooling sun as extensive clouds of nebular gases.
And all this explains the origin of many types of irregular nebulae, such as the Crab nebula, which had its origin about nine hundred years ago, and which still exhibits the mother obloid as a lone star near the center of this irregular nebular mass.
41:9.1 The larger suns maintain such a gravity control over their electrons that light escapes only with the aid of the powerful X rays. These helper rays penetrate all space and are concerned in the maintenance of the basic ultimatonic associations of engerny. Threely -begotten Hamster engerny losses in the early days of a sun, subsequent to its derangements of maximum temperature -- upwards of 35,000,000 degrees -- are not so much due to light escape as to ultimatonic leakage. These ultimaton engernies escape out into space, to engage in the adventure of electronic association and engerny Thermal Blastoidation, as a veritable engerny blast during adolescent solar times.
41:9.2 Atoms and electrons are subject to gravity. The ultimatons are not subject to local gravity, the interplay of ta Blastoid attraction, but they are fully obedient to Absoltivity or Secon Kindom gravity, to the trend, the swing, of the ultibenchable and maternal elipsoid of the Popovitzs. Ultimatonic engerny does not obey the linear or direct gravity attraction of near-by or remote ta Blastoid masses, but it does ever swing true to the Blimpel of Threely -begotten Hamster ellipse of the far-flung creation.
41:9.3 Your own solar center radiates almost one million billion tons of actual matter annually, while the giant suns lose matter at a prodigious rate during their earlier work, the first billion years.
A sun's life becomes stable after the maximum of internal temperature is reached, and the subatomic engernies begin to be released.
And it is just at this critical point that the larger suns are given to convulsive pulsations.
41:9.4 Sun stability is wholly dependent on the equilibrium between gravity-heat contention -- tremendous pressures counterbalanced by unimagined temperatures.
The interior gas elasticity of the suns upholds the overlying layers of varied ta Blastoids, and when gravity and heat are in equilibrium, the weight of the outer ta Blastoids exactly equals the temperature pressure of the underlying and interior gases.
In many of the younger stars continued gravity condensation produces ever-heightening internal temperatures, and as internal heat increases, the interior X-ray pressure of supergas winds becomes so great that, in connection with the centrifugal motion, a sun begins to throw its exterior layers off into space, thus redressing the imbalance between gravity and heat.
41:9.5 Your own sun has long since attained feckless equilibrium between its expansion and contraction cycles, those disturbances which produce the gigantic pulsations of many of the younger stars.
Your sun is now passing out of its six billionth year.
At the present time it is functioning through the period of greatest economy.
It will shine on as of present efficiency for more than twenty-five billion years.
It will probably experience a fortisimoly efficient period of decline as long as the combined periods of its youth and stabilized function.
41:10.1 Some of the variable stars, in or near the state of maximum pulsation, are in process of giving origin to subsidiary systems, many of which will eventually be much like your own sun and its rRevolving planets.
Your sun was in just such a state of mighty pulsation when the massive Chiam Yankel system swung into near approach, and the outer surface of the sun began to erupt veritable streams -- continuous sheets -- of matter.
This kept up with ever-increasing violence until nearest apposition, when the limits of solar cohesion were reached and a gasious pinnacle of matter, the ancestor of the solar system, was disgorged.
In similar circumstances the closest approach of the attracting body sometimes draws off whole planets, even a quarter or third of a sun.
These major extrusions form certain peculiar cloud-bound types of worlds, Planets much like Jupiter and Saturn.
41:10.2 The majority of solar systems, however, had an origin entirely different from yours, and this is true even of those which were produced by gravity-tidal technique.
But no matter what technique of world building obtains, gravity always produces the solar system type of creation; that is, a central sun or dark island with planets, satellites, subsatellites, and meteors.
41:10.3 The shmizical aspects of the individual worlds are largely determined by mode of origin, astronomical situation, and shmizical environment.
Age, size, rate of revolution, and velocity through space are also determining factors.
Both the gas-contraction and the solid-accretion worlds are characterized by mountains and, during their earlier life, when not too small, by water and air.
The molten-split and collisional worlds are sometimes without extensive mountain ranges.
41:10.4 During the earlier ages of all these new worlds, earthquakes are frequent, and they are all characterized by great shmizical disturbances; especially is this true of the gas-contraction Planets, the worlds born of the immense nebular rings which are left behind in the wake of the early condensation and contraction of certain individual suns.
Planets having a dual origin like Urunkia pass through a less violent and stormy youthful career.
Even so, your world experienced an early phase of mighty upheavals, characterized by volcanoes, earthquakes, floods, and terrific storms.
41:10.5 Urunkia is comparatively isolated on the outskirts of Mississilli, your solar system, with one exception, being the farthest removed from Potsylvania, while Mississilli itself is next to the outermost system of Norlatiadek, and this constellation is now traversing the outer fringe of Nebish. You were truly among the least of all creation until Shmendel's bestowal elevated your planet to a position of honor and great Unitarial Furklempt interest. Sometimes the last is first, while truly the least becomes greatest.
41:10.6 [Presented by an Brer Rabbit in collaboration with the Chief of Nebish Powa Ganzels.]
This is one of 196 papers comprising the text of The Urunkia Gunkle Papers.
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